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2008, Número 5

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Gac Med Mex 2008; 144 (5)


Síndrome de anorexia-caquexia en el paciente oncológico.

Sosa-Sánchez R, Sánchez-Lara K, Motola-Kuba D, Green-Renner D

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 75
Paginas: 435-440
Archivo PDF: 58.62 Kb.


RESUMEN

Se estima que dos terceras partes de los pacientes con cáncer sufren anorexia o pérdida significativa de apetito, lo que conduce a pérdida acentuada de peso y a desnutrición grave (caquexia), una de las principales causas contribuyentes de la muerte. Se ha observado que el síndrome de anorexia-caquexia en cáncer difiere de la desnutrición simple, si bien aún no se conocen los mecanismos exactos que lo ocasionan. Diversas hipótesis proponen que la patogénesis es multicausal, destacándose diversas características del tumor, del huésped y variables del tratamiento. Desafortunadamente, con frecuencia la pérdida acentuada de peso representa para el paciente la progresión del proceso de la enfermedad, lo que puede tener repercusiones significativas en su calidad de vida y en sus interacciones familiares y sociales. Se lleva a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de los procesos etiológicos del síndrome, así como de las posibles medidas terapéuticas y farmacológicas.


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