2009, Número 2
Cómo evitar “quemarse” (o padecer el síndrome de burnout) en un servicio de cirugía general
Moreno-Egea A, Latorre-Reviriego I, Morales-Cuenca G, Campillo-Soto Á, Bataller-Peñafiel E, Sáez-Carreras J
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 149-155
Archivo PDF: 102.67 Kb.
RESUMEN
El síndrome de
burnout puede afectar a más de 50 % de los médicos y se caracteriza por sentimiento de vacío y actitudes negativas hacia el trabajo y la vida. La actividad laboral de los cirujanos presenta factores causales específicos que determinan que el profesional pueda padecer esta enfermedad, con la consiguiente repercusión sociolaboral y para el resto del servicio. Estos factores pueden ser externos, ligados a la organización sanitaria, o internos, que dependen de la actividad laboral del cirujano en el hospital. En este trabajo se analizan dichos factores causales de
burnout y se proponen algunas estrategias de afrontamiento para mejorar la salud de los profesionales.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
Freudenberger HJ. Staff-burnout syndrome in alternative institutions. Psychother Theory Res Pract 1974;12:73-82.
Maslach C, Schaufeli WB. Historical and conceptual development of burnout. In: Schaufeli C, Maslach C, Marek T, eds. Professional burnout: recent development in theory and research. Washington, DC: Taylor and Francis; 1993. pp. 1-16.
Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol 2001;52: 397-422.
Ramírez AJ, Ghaham J, Richards MA, Cull A, Gregory WM. Mental health of hospital consultants: the effects of stress and satisfaction at work. Lancet 1996;347:724-728.
Campbell DA, Sonnad SS, Eckhauser FE, Campbell KK, Greenfield LJ. Burnout among American surgeons. Surgery 2001;130:696-705.
Jiménez C, Morales JL, Martínez C. Estudio del síndrome de burnout en cirujanos pediatras españoles. Cir Pediatr 2002;15:73-78.
Bertges W, Eshelman A, Raoufi M, Abouljoud MS. A national study of burnout among American transplant surgeons. Transplant Proc 2005;37:1399-1401.
Harms BA, Heise CP, Gould JC, Starling JR. A 25-year single institution analysis of health, practice and fate of general surgeons. Ann Surg 2005;242:520-529.
Lepnurm R, Dobson R, Backman A, Keegan D. Factors explaining career satisfaction among psychiatrist and surgeons in Canada. Can J Psychiatry 2006;51:243-255.
Harris KA. On dissatisfaction. Can J Surg 2005;48;338.
Lineaweaver MD. Surgery... an enabling profession? Microsurgery 2002;22:131-132.
Caballero-Martin M, Bermejo-Fernández F, Nieto-Gómez R, Caballero-Martínez F. Prevalence and factors associated with burnout in a health area. Aten Primaria 2001;27:313-317.
Leiter PM, Maslach C. The impact of interpersonal environment on burnout and organizational commitment. J Organiz Behav 1988;9:297-308.
Paine WS. Professional burnout: major costs. Fam Community Health 1984;6:1-11.
Ortega C, López F. El burnout o síndrome de estar quemado en los profesionales sanitarios: revisión y perspectivas. J Clin Health Psicol 2004;4:137-160.
Stahl JE, Egan MT, Goldman JM, Tenney D, Wiklund RA, Sandberg WS, et al. Introducing new technology into the operating room: measuring the impact on job performance and satisfaction. Surgery 2005;137:518-526.
Anderson KD, Mavis BE, Dean RE. Feeling the stress: perceptions of burnout among general surgery program directors. Curr Surg 2000;57:46-50.
Davenport DL, Henderson WG, Mosca CL, Khuri SF, Mentzer RM. Riskadjusted morbidity in teaching hospitals correlates with reported levels of communication and collaboration on surgical teams but not with scale measures of teamwork climate, safety climate or working conditions. J Am Coll Surg 2007;205:778-784.
Lingard L, Espin S, Whyte S. Communication failures in the operating room: an observational classification of recurrent types and effects. Qual Saf Health Care 2004;13:330-334.
White AA, Pichert JW, Bledoe SH. Cause and effect analysis of closed claims in obstetrics and gynecology. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:1031-1038.
Tizon JL. Burnt-out professionals, disillusioned professionals or professionals with psychopathological disorders? Aten Primaria 2004;33:326-330.
Jones JW. Diagnosing and treating staff burnout among health professionals. In: Jones JW, ed. The Burnout Syndrome: Current Research, Theory, Interventions. Park Ridge, IL: London House Press;1981. pp. 107-126.
Gadacz TR. A changing culture in interpersonal and communication skills. Am Surgeon 2003;69:453-458.
McHenry CR. In search of balance: a successful career, health and family. Am J Surg 2007;193:293-297.
Hernández-Zamora GL, Olmedo-Castejón E. Un estudio correlacional acerca del síndrome de “estar quemado” (burnout) y su relación con la personalidad. Apuntes Psicol 2004;22:121-136.
Fernández MI, Villagrasa JR, Fe M, Vázquez J, Cruz E, Aguirre MV, et al. Estudio de la satisfacción laboral y sus determinantes en los trabajadores sanitarios de un área de Madrid. Rev Esp Salud Publica 1995;69:487-497.
Green A, Duthie HL, Young Hl. Stress in surgeons. Br J Surg 1990;77;1154.
Wolfberg E. Social crisis and occupational fatigue among health professionals: warnings and resources. Vertex 2003 Dec-2004;14:268-279.
Hutter MM, Kellogg KC, Ferguson CM, Abbott WM, Warshaw AL. The impact of the 80-hour resident work week on surgical residents and attending surgeons. Ann Surg 2006;243:864-875.
López-Morales A, González-Velázquez F, Morales-Guzmán MI, Espinoza- Martínez CE. The burnout syndrome in medical residents working long periods. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2007;45:233-242.
Myers JS, Bellini LM, Morris JB, Graham D, Katz J, Potts JR, et al. Internal medicine and general surgery residents’ attitudes about the ACGME duty hours regulations: a multicenter study. Acad Med 2006;81:1052-1058.
De Virgilio C, Yaghoubian A, Lewis RJ, Stabile BE, Putman BA. The 80-hour resident workweek does not adversely affect patient outcomes or resident education. Curr Surg 2006;63:435-439.
Zaré SM, Galanko JA, Behrns KE, Sieff EM, Boyle LM, Farley DR, et al. Psychologic well-being of surgery residents alter inception of the 80-hour work week: a multi-institutional study. Surgery 2005;138:150-157.
Golub JS, Weiss PS, Armes AK, Ossoff RH, Johns MM. Burnout in residents of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery: a national inquiry into the health of residency training. Acad Med 2007;82:596-601.
Ratanawongsa N, Wright SM, Carrese JA. Well-being in residency: a time for temporary imbalance? Med Educ 2007;41:273-280.
McElearney ST, Saalwachter AR, Hedrick TL, Pruett TL, Sanfey HA, Sawyer RG. Effect of the 80-hour work week on cases performed by general surgery residents. Am Surg 2005;71:552-556.
Gelfand DV, Podnos YD, Carmichael JC, Saltzman DJ, Wilson SE, Williams RA. Effect of the 80-hour work week on resident burnout. Arch Surg 2004;139:933-993.
Martin-Martin JJ. Motivación, incentivos y retribuciones de los médicos de atención primaria del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Rev Adm Sanit 2005;3:111-130.
Feldstein MS. Hospital cost inflation: a study of nonprofit price dynamics. Am Econ Rev 1971;LXI:853-872.
Zweifel P. Supplier-induced demand in a model of physician behaviour. In: Van der Gaag, Perlman, eds. Health, Economics and Health Economics. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company; 1981. pp. 245-267.
Diener E. Subjective well-being. Am Psychol 2000;55:34-43.
Robinson JC. Theory and practice in the design of physician payment incentives. Milbank Q 2001;79:149-177.