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2009, Número 1

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Bioquimia 2009; 34 (1)


Evaluación de la heterogeneidad y función de HDL por el laboratorio

Movva R, Rader DJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 122
Paginas: 37-52
Archivo PDF: 229.07 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: La concentración de colesterol HDL-C (HDL-C) y su principal componente proteico apolipoproteína (apo) A-I están inversamente asociados con el riesgo cardiovascular, dejando atrás el concepto de que la terapia para aumentar la concentración de HDL-C y de apoA-I sea antiesclerótica y protectora contra los eventos cardiovasculares. Una falla reciente del fármaco torcetrapib, una proteína inhibidora que transfiere el éster colesteril y que sustancialmente aumenta las concentraciones de HDL-C, ha llamado la atención por tener una heterogeneidad y función distinta de las concentraciones de esta molécula. Contenido: Esta revisión presenta el estado actual del conocimiento sobre los ensayos heterogéneos de HDL-C, su función y relación con la enfermedad cardiovascular. HDL-C es altamente heterogénea, con subfracciones que pueden ser identificadas con base en su densidad, tamaño, carga, y composición proteica, y el concepto atractivo de que ciertas subfracciones de HDL-C pueden predecir el riesgo cardiovascular. Además, se ha demostrado que HDL-C tiene una variedad de funciones que pueden contribuir al efecto protector cardiovascular, incluyendo la promoción del flujo de macrófagos de colesterol y el transporte de colesterol inverso y su efecto antiinflamatorio y promotor de óxido-nitroso. Resumen: Los ensayos de laboratorio robustos para subfracciones de HDL-C y sus funciones, así como la validación de la utilidad de estos ensayos para predecir el riesgo cardiovascular y estimar la respuesta a las intervenciones terapéuticas son críticamente importantes y de un gran interés para los clínicos cardiovasculares e investigadores y químicos clínicos.


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