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2008, Número 4

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Gac Med Mex 2008; 144 (4)


Terapias moleculares dirigidas en los pacientes con cáncer: logros y perspectivas

Valdespino-Gómeza VM, Valdespino-Castillo VE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 67
Paginas: 333-334
Archivo PDF: 78.90 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

Los avances recientes en la patogénesis molecular del cáncer han permitido descubrir y desarrollar estrategias basadas en la utilización de moléculas con actividad biológica específicas o terapias moleculares dirigidas (TMD). El cáncer es un proceso complejo debido a la acumulación de mutaciones y alteraciones en el genoma. Las células tumorales parecen depender de una continua desregulación de una o varias vías de señalamiento intracelular. El conocimiento integral de estas vías logrará descifrar la biología de trasfondo de la mayoría de los cánceres. Las tecnologías de punta en genómica y proteómica pueden ayudar a identificar la respuesta in vitro e in vivo del intervensionismo de las TMD, las cuales comprenden agentes que bloqueando los oncogenes o las vías oncogénicas de señalamientos, pueden secundariamente detener la carcinogénesis y la progresión tumoral. Revisamos los conceptos de adicción oncogénica, de rúbrica de la vía oncogénica, algunas tecnologías, los resultados obtenidos con TMD en pacientes con cáncer que no responde a tratamiento convencional, y las limitaciones y perspectivas de esta nueva estrategia. Potencialmente, la TMD conseguirá mayor desarrollo a través de identificar un número progresivo de oncogenes blanco-moleculares y sus correspondientes agentes bloqueadores. Se requiere mejorar los criterios de diseño, ejecución y valoración clínicos en la aplicación de protocolos con terapias moleculares dirigidas.


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