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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2008, Número S2

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salud publica mex 2008; 50 (S2)


¿Tienen las personas con discapacidad intelectual vida social? La realidad israelí

Duvdevany I

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas: 222-229
Archivo PDF: 171.30 Kb.


RESUMEN

El hecho de vivir en una comunidad no garantiza, por sí mismo, ni la integración ni la inclusión de los discapacitados intelectuales. Las amistades y la participación en actividades recreativas pueden ser indicadores de que tal proceso comienza a darse y de su impacto en la calidad de vida. El presente trabajo investigó la calidad de vida social de personas con discapacidad intelectual que viven en residencias comunitarias y con familias adoptivas y su impacto en cuanto a calidad de vida. La muestra consistió de 85 adultos con discapacidad intelectual de edad entre 18 y 55 años. Cuarenta y cinco de ellos viven en áreas comunitarias residenciales y 40 con familias adoptivas en Israel. Se utilizaron cinco cuestionarios: 1) un cuestionario demográfico; 2) el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida; 3) la Escala de Soledad Revisada de la UCLA; 4) el Catálogo de Relaciones Sociales; y 5) el Catálogo de Actividades Recreativas. En general no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en lo referente al número de amistades o en cuanto a los sentimientos de soledad. Los residentes con familias adoptivas tendieron a involucrarse más y a ser más independientes en sus actividades recreativas que los que vivían en residencias comunitarias. Se confirmó en parte una relación entre vida social y calidad de vida. Se discute la necesidad de programas de intervención y educación de la recreación.


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