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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2006, Número 4

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Rev Invest Clin 2006; 58 (4)


Desigualdades socioeconómicas en salud bucal: caries dental en niños de seis a 12 años de edad

Medina-Solís CE, Maupomé G, Pelcastre-Villafuerte B, Avila-Burgos L, Vallejos-Sánchez AA, Casanova-Rosado AJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 59
Paginas: 296-304
Archivo PDF: 78.85 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivos. Explorar la existencia de desigualdades en la salud bucal a través de indicadores socioeconómicos, a nivel individual y ecológico, en una población de niños de seis a 12 años de edad. Material y métodos. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de dos estudios transversales de salud bucal en Campeche, México. Se incluyeron 2,939 niños distribuidos de igual manera por edad y sexo. Los resultados de dichos estudios fueron combinados y usados para explorar desigualdades socioeconómicas en salud bucal. La salud bucal fue medida a través de diferentes puntos de corte en índices de caries (ceod, CPOD, ceod+CPOD y SiC). Las variables independientes incluidas en el estudio fueron el área de residencia (urbana, conurbana) y la escolaridad de la madre (años de estudio), así como otras variables sociodemográficas que sirvieron para ajustar los modelos. Se generaron modelos de regresión logística binaria en STATA 8.2®. Resultados. Los nueve modelos generados revelaron que los cambios en las variables socioeconómicas se relacionaron con las manifestaciones de salud bucal en esta comunidad, tanto en términos de prevalencia como de severidad. La única excepción fue al comparar el indicador de caries CPOD › 0 a los 12 años de edad. Conclusiones. En general, los niños de menor posición socioeconómica tuvieron mayor experiencia y severidad de caries dental en la dentición temporal y permanente. Las discrepancias encontradas de los indicadores de caries a través de las variables independientes de interés ponen en evidencia las desigualdades sociales en salud bucal entre grupos viviendo en localidades contiguas.


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