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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2007, Número 08

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2007; 75 (08)


Endometriosis: fisiopatología y líneas de investigación (primera parte)

Ayala YR, Mota GM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 477-483
Archivo PDF: 203.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

En la actualidad, la endometriosis sigue siendo una enfermedad cuyo diagnóstico, después de la sospecha clínica, sólo puede confirmarse con la visualización directa de las lesiones endometriósicas. Esto ha dificultado la disponibilidad de estadísticas de incidencia y prevalencia que verdaderamente cuantifiquen el alcance de este padecimiento. Las líneas actuales de investigación, basadas principalmente en la teoría de la menstruación retrógrada, han ido estableciendo los múltiples factores bioquímicos, inmunológicos y moleculares implicados en la fisiopatología de la endometriosis. La evolución de la endometriosis se divide en cinco procesos básicos: adhesión, invasión, reclutamiento, angiogénesis y proliferación. En este artículo se revisan los primeros dos debido a la importancia que guardan desde el punto de vista diagnóstico y terapéutico. Como parte de la adhesión se han investigado las características estructurales del epitelio peritoneal, la participación de integrinas, moléculas de adhesión intercelular (ICAM), cadherinas y el ácido hialurónico.


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