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ISSN 0188-2198 (Impreso)

2008, Número 3

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Rev Mex Cardiol 2008; 19 (3)


Muerte súbita en cardiomiopatía hipertrófica. Estratificación del riesgo

Guzmán-Sánchez CM, González-Pliego JA, Parra-Michel R, Espinosa-Anguiano S, González-López LG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 126-133
Archivo PDF: 106.54 Kb.


RESUMEN

La cardiomiopatía hipertrófica (CMH) es una enfermedad cardiaca de transmisión autosómica dominante causada por mutaciones en al menos 1 de los 12 genes que codifican para proteínas sarcoméricas y no sarcoméricas del miocito, es la enfermedad cardiovascular genética más común. Estudios epidemiológicos han estimado una prevalencia de la enfermedad fenotípicamente expresada en la población adulta de aproximadamente 0.2% (1:500). La CMH es la causa más común de muerte súbita (MS) en los jóvenes. El diagnóstico es usualmente establecido por medio del ecocardiograma que demuestra hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, típicamente de distribución asimétrica, asociada a una cavidad no dilatada en ausencia de otras causas que justifiquen la hipertrofia. Los avances tecnológicos en CMH han permitido el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas. Muchos individuos afectados permanecen asintomáticos a lo largo de su vida, otros desarrollan síntomas de insuficiencia cardiaca o fibrilación auricular (FA) y algunos mueren de forma súbita. La estratificación de riesgo de muerte súbita está basada en la presencia de al menos 1 de los marcadores de alto riesgo, la presencia de éstos justifica la implantación de un cardiodesfibrilador automático, la herramienta efectiva para prevenir la muerte súbita.


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