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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2003, Número S3

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salud publica mex 2003; 45 (S3)


Epidemiología de las infecciones por el papilomavirus humano: nuevas opciones para la prevención del cáncer cervical

Bosch FX

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 68
Paginas: 326-339
Archivo PDF: 142.09 Kb.


RESUMEN

En las ultimas dos décadas, el enigma del cáncer cervical (CaCu) ha comenzado a ser dilucidado y actualmente se ha identificado a la infección por virus de papiloma humano (VPH) como su agente etiológico transmitido sexualmente, y se han caracteri­zado los principales determinantes de infección por VPH. Estudios epidemiológicos han mostrado consistentemente que las pruebas de determinación deADN deVPH son más sensibles que la citología repetida para la identificación de lesiones de alto grado en mujeres con diagnóstico de células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (ASCUS). Diversos estudios que evalúan el tamizaje primario en CaCu, han mostrado que la sensibilidad de las pruebas deVPH es más alta que la citología estándar para detectar lesiones de alto grado, donde la especificidad es similar sólo en mujeres con edades entre 30 y 35 años o mayores. Las vacunas de VPH tienen una atracción intrínseca como una estrategia preventiva en poblaciones con recursos limitados, sin embargo, el diseño de vacunas para uso generalizado están en fase de desarrollo y prueba. Actualmente, se deben de desarrollar investigaciones que exploren las implicaciones clínicas de la puesta en práctica de nuevas estrategias para la prevención de CaCu.


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