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Revista de la Asociación Médica del Centro Médico ABC

2008, Número 1

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An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC 2008; 53 (1)


Estudio histopatológico del ganglio centinela en cáncer de mama

Padilla RÁL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 57
Paginas: 28-35
Archivo PDF: 291.29 Kb.


RESUMEN

A medida que se han ido difundiendo los métodos de detección oportuna del cáncer de mama, se ha incrementado el hallazgo de carcinomas en etapas tempranas. Esto ha conllevado a modificar también la estrategia terapéutica en las pacientes con el afán de proporcionar tratamientos menos agresivos, pero efectivos al mismo tiempo, mejorando también la supervivencia general de quienes enfrentan esta enfermedad. En este mismo sentido el estudio del ganglio centinela se está convirtiendo en el estándar de oro como parte integral en el manejo del cáncer de mama en pacientes con ganglios clínicamente negativos. La conducta terapéutica reside en el reporte histopatológico final, siendo positivo o negativo para metástasis y, aunque el procedimiento para la detección y obtención del ganglio centinela está bien descrito, los mecanismos para llegar al diagnóstico histopatológico no siempre son bien conocidos, ya que no existe un protocolo universal y es variable en diferentes centros. El propósito de este trabajo es el hacer una revisión de los métodos empleados en el estudio histopatológico del ganglio centinela incluidos análisis macroscópico, estudio transoperatorio, análisis microscópico, así como el empleo de técnicas como inmunohistoquímica y análisis molecular.


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