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2004, Número 4

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Rev Endocrinol Nutr 2004; 12 (4)


Micronutrimentos en deportistas

Rodríguez MMX, Pasquetti CA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 49
Paginas: 181-187
Archivo PDF: 97.50 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los micronutrimentos están involucrados en muchos procesos metabólicos por lo que juegan un papel importante durante el ejercicio. La actividad física aumenta el recambio energético y los requerimientos de micronutrimentos. Durante el ejercicio también aumentan las pérdidas de micronutrimentos por diferentes medios. Si el atleta mantiene una dieta balanceada que provee suficiente energía, es poco probable que tenga deficiencias de micronutrimentos. Sin embargo, muchos atletas restringen su ingestión energética por diversas razones. Más del 50% de los atletas toman algún tipo de suplemento de micronutrimentos, lo cual puede ser innecesario y algunas veces hasta perjudicial. No se ha demostrado que la suplementación de micronutrimentos tenga algún efecto sobre el rendimiento del atleta excepto si hay deficiencias. Existen minerales, como el calcio y el hierro, que pueden estar deficientes en un número importante de atletas, especialmente mujeres, y esto puede perjudicar la salud del atleta o su desempeño. La suplementación con antioxidantes también puede tener beneficios en ciertos grupos específicos de atletas. En general, se recomienda evaluar a cada deportista de forma individual, además de una dieta balanceada con suficiente energía para que no existan deficiencias de micronutrimentos.


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