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Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México

2007, Número 3

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Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 2007; 64 (3)


Infección por micobacterias no tuberculosas en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana

Morales-Aguirre JJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 68
Paginas: 192-199
Archivo PDF: 145.99 Kb.


RESUMEN

Mycobacterium avium y Mycobacterium intracellulare forman parte del Complejo Mycobacterium avium (MAC por sus siglas en inglés) y causan formas diseminadas en 25 a 50% de los pacientes adultos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), que no habían recibido tratamiento antirretroviral (ARV); el principal factor de riesgo para desarrollar enfermedad es una cuenta de células CD4 menor de 50/mm3; es importante identificar y administrar profilaxis oportunamente, los tratamientos de elección son azitromicina o claritromicina.
El tratamiento óptimo para MAC diseminada incluye claritromicina y etambutol, y se ha observado que con la adición de rifabutin al tratamiento puede disminuir la mortalidad. Desde el uso de los tratamientos ARVs altamente activos se ha reducido significativamente la incidencia de infecciones por MAC.


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