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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2006, Número 6

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salud publica mex 2006; 48 (6)


Medición de las capacidades físicas de adultos mayores de Quebec: un análisis secundario del estudio NuAge

Ávila-Funes JA, Gray-Donald K, Payette H

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas: 446-454
Archivo PDF: 137.45 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Determinar la validez de una batería de pruebas de capacidades físicas en una muestra de adultos mayores de la comunidad. Material y métodos. Para este estudio se analizaron los datos basales del estudio NuAge, recolectados de diciembre de 2003 a abril de 2005 y que incluyeron 1 793 varones (48%) y mujeres (52%) (74.4 ± 4.1 años) de Montreal, Laval y Sherbrooke, Canadá. Se construyó una batería para la medición de las capacidades físicas (BCF) a partir de la suma de cuatro pruebas según el método propuesto por Guralnik (equilibrio en un pie, velocidad de la marcha en cuatro metros a paso normal, levantarse de una silla cinco veces y el timed “up & go”). Mediante análisis de regresión lineal se establecieron la asociación de la edad, el sexo y la actividad física con la BCF. Resultados. La BCF se asoció de forma significativa con pruebas que evalúan el estado físico y de salud de los individuos, por lo que se determinó la validez de contenido y de criterio. La BCF tuvo un coeficiente alfa de 0.74. Los análisis de regresión probaron que la disminución en las capacidades físicas relacionadas con la edad es similar en varones y mujeres. Conclusión. La batería es una herramienta válida en la medición de las capacidades físicas. El mejor desempeño ocurre en los individuos más jóvenes, aquéllos con más actividad física y en los varones. Esta BCF puede servir de modelo para utilizarse en el estudio de las capacidades de los adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad.


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