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2007, Número 2

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Arch Cardiol Mex 2007; 77 (2)


Tomografía computada multidetector de arterias coronarias: estado del arte. Parte I: Aspectos técnicos

Kimura HET, Alexánderson RE, Vázquez-Lamadrid J, Pale R, Talayero PJA, Cruz GP, Sierra FC, García-Rojas CL, Rodríguez VM, Menéndez RG, Herrera ZM, Armas de ÁM, Meave GA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 53
Paginas: 137-149
Archivo PDF: 488.71 Kb.


RESUMEN

El estudio de la enfermedad aterosclerosa de las arterias coronarias es fundamental por ser la principal causa de muerte en países occidentales. La prueba diagnóstica considerada como estándar de oro es la angiografía invasiva, sin embargo ésta implica costos elevados en la atención de este grupo de pacientes. En la actualidad los equipos de cuarta generación de tomografía computada (TC) realizan la adquisición de hasta 256 imágenes en tan sólo 400 milisegundos (ms), es decir 900-1,000 veces más rápidos que los aparatos de primera generación. La TC multidetector (TCMD) es el método no invasivo de elección para la evaluación vascular del tórax. Sin embargo, su papel en el estudio del corazón se encontraba limitado. Hoy día es posible obtener imágenes tridimensionales del corazón y del cuerpo entero en segundos. La TCMD del corazón es un método no invasivo, rápido, con capacidad multiplanar, de menor costo que la angiografía, y que genera imágenes cardíacas y extracardíacas sin la interferencia o sobreposición de estructuras adyacentes. La mayor resolución temporal secundaria al incremento en la velocidad de rotación del gantry y a nuevos algoritmos de reconstrucción, así como de la resolución espacial, aunado a la mayor rapidez de la adquisición debido al aumento del número de detectores, han permitido una mejoría significativa en la exactitud diagnóstica de la TCMD de las arterias coronarias.


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