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2022, Número 2

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Rev Cub de Reu 2022; 24 (2)


Perspectivas con dianas para el tratamiento de la artritis reumatoide

Domínguez FND, Alban FPE, Freire OXC, Núñez LJK

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 38
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 595.34 Kb.


RESUMEN

La artritis reumatoide se clasifica como una enfermedad articular autoinmune crónica poliarticular sistémica que afecta principalmente a manos y pies. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar información publicada que contribuye a direccionar el manejo de la artritis reumatoide con nuevos fármacos, a partir del conocimiento de aspectos novedosos relacionados con la fisiopatología y los avances recientes sobre un grupo importante de dianas para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Las modificaciones epigenéticas pueden regular la expresión génica sin alterar la secuencia del ADN. La regulación de los ARN no codificantes (ncRNA), la metilación del ADN, la metilación del ARN y las modificaciones de las histonas se consideran los principales mecanismos de las regulaciones epigenéticas. Numerosas investigaciones han establecido que varias anomalías en estos mecanismos terminan en el desarrollo de la AR. Este trabajo resume nuevas dianas, que incluyen proteínas, pequeños metabolitos moleculares y reguladores de la epigenética. Son dianas moleculares prometedoras para el descubrimiento de fármacos que alivien la aparición de enfermedades y resuelvan la falta de respuesta y las respuestas parciales, así como los efectos adversos de los FARME actuales. Es innegable que aún se necesitan mayores esfuerzos para definir con mayor precisión las vías de señalización subyacentes afectadas por estas moléculas recién descubiertas y para desarrollar métodos de terapia apropiados.


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