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2022, Número 2

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Rev Cuba Endoc 2022; 33 (2)


Fisiopatología del síndrome de ovario poliquístico

Monteagudo PG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 100
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 212.22 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: En la génesis del síndrome de ovario poliquístico intervienen múltiples factores sistémicos y locales que tienen una relación multidireccional sobre los que persisten muchas cuestiones aún sin dilucidar y cierta confusión e incertidumbre.
Objetivo: Describir el enfoque actual sobre las causas y los mecanismos involucrados en el origen y desarrollo del síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica tipo estado del arte. Se revisaron alrededor de 250 artículos, que se obtuvieron de las bases PubMed, Medline, SciELO y Google Académico. Se describen los factores y las vías que se proponen para explicar la etiopatogenia y fisiopatología de alteraciones genéticas, ambientales, endocrinas y metabólicas asociadas al síndrome y su expresión clínica.
Conclusiones: La fisiopatología del síndrome de ovario poliquístico es compleja. Muchos aspectos permanecen sin esclarecerse, pero se tiene cada vez más conocimiento que aporta luz a los enigmas que aún persisten y a la comprensión de fenómenos previamente desconocidos. Existe el convencimiento creciente de que la alteración central es a nivel ovárico, que el síndrome es heterogéneo en todos sus elementos y que conocer la gran diversidad de factores y mecanismos que intervienen en su etiología y patogenia es fundamental no sólo desde lo científico, sino también por su utilidad práctica.


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