Pedreros RC, Müller-Ortiz H, Jara CA, Herrera RP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 34-41
Archivo PDF: 185.52 Kb.

RESUMEN

El manitol ha sido utilizado por muchos años como agente osmótico en el manejo de diversas patologías, tales como edema cerebral y el glaucoma. Sin embargo, su uso se ha asociado a complicaciones, fundamentalmente alteraciones de la volemia y del medio interno, lo que ha llevado a sustituirlo progresivamente por soluciones salinas hipertónicas. Además, se ha usado para la prevención y manejo de la lesión renal aguda, particularmente en pacientes quirúrgicos y para preservar la diuresis en condiciones que pueden propiciar una necrosis tubular aguda. El manitol también se ha utilizado en pacientes en hemodiálisis para prevenir y tratar complicaciones agudas como hipotensión intradiálisis, calambres y el síndrome de desequilibrio. Aunque la mayoría de los estudios son retrospectivos y de bajo poder estadístico, y a pesar de las conocidas complicaciones asociadas, el manitol se sigue utilizando en muchos centros por su disponibilidad y fácil administración. La presente revisión tiene por objetivo evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad del manitol el tratamiento de las enfermedades renales.

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