Del Rey-Pineda G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 18
Paginas: 73-75
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FRAGMENTO

Historia

La Biología Molecular ha avanzado desde finales de 1860 en que Miescher aisló una nucleoproteina que finalmente fue un ácido nucleico, el cual en la década de 1940 Avery y sus colaboradores demostraron que contenía la información genética en la bacteria Pneumococcus. En la década de 1950 Watson y Crick en base a los estudios de cristalografía de rayos X de Franklin, identificaron la estructura de doble hélice del ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN). El posterior entendimiento de la replicación del DNA junto con el descubrimiento de Kornberg en la década de 1950, de la DNA polimerasa capaz de sintetizar fragmentos de DNA. Fueron la base de los desarrollos tecnológicos que derribaron el dogma genético DNA RNA Proteína, al descubrirse en 1970 por Temin la transcriptasa reversa, encontrada en algunos virus RNA (llamados retrovirus) que permite al RNA ser copiado a DNA. Las enzimas denominadas endonucleasas de restricción, junto con todo el arsenal de la década de 1980, permitió a Mullis amplificar segmentos con la reacción de polimerasa en cadena (PCR), método que pronto se convirtió en "un procedimiento de rutina" en los laboratorios de Biología Molecular. En un corto período esta tecnología ha modificado radicalmente el diagnóstico clínico.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. Jackson BR, Busch MPñ, Stramer SL, AuBuchon JP. The costeffectiveness of NAT for HIV, HCV and HBV in whole-b lood donations. Transfusion 2003; 43:721-729.

2. Busch MP, Kleinman SH, Jackson B, et al. Committee report. Nucleic acid amplification testing of blood donors for transfusiontransmitted infectious diseases: Report of the Interorganizational Task Force on Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing of Blood Donors. Transfusion 2000;40:143-59.

3. Glynn SA, Kleinman SH, Wrigh DJ, Busch MP. International application of the incidence rate/window period model. Tranfusion 2002;42:966-72.

4. Jos JAM, Weusten Harry AJ, van Drimmelen P, Nico L. Mathematic modeling of the risk of HBV, HVC, and HIV transmission by window-phase donations not detected by NAT. Transfusion 2002;42:537-48.

5. Roth Wk, Weber M, Buhr S, et al. Yield of HCV and HIV-1 NAT after screening of 3.6 million blood donations in central Europe. Transfusion 2002;42:862-8.

6. Dodd RY, Notari EP 4th, Stramer SL. Current prevalence and incidence of infectious diseases markers and esstimated window-period risk in the American Red Cross blood donor population. Transfusion 2002;42:975-9.

7. Gallarda JL, Dragon E. Blood screenin by nucleic acid amplification technology:Current issues, future challenges. Molecular Diagnosis 2000;5:11-22.

8. Schüttler CG, Caspari G, Jursch CA, et al. Hepatitis C virus transmission by blood donation negative in nucleic acid amplification tests for viral RNA(letter).Lancet 2000;355:41-2.

9. Matsumoto C, Tadokoro K, Fujimura K, et al. Analysis of HBV infection after blood transfusion e Japan through investigation of comprehensive donor specimen repository. Transfusion 2001;41:878-84.

10. Weusten JJ, Drimmelen HA, Lelie PN. Mathematic modeling of the risk of HBV, HVC, and HIV transmission by window-phase donations not detected by NAT. Transfusion 2002; 42:537-48.

11. Mitsunaga S, Fujimura K, Matsumoto C, et al. High-troughput HBV DNA and HCV RNA detection system using a nucleic acid purification robot and real-time detection PCR: its to analysys of posttransfusion hepatitis.Transfusion 2002;42:100-5.

12. Seed CR, Cheng A, Ismay SL, et al. Assesing the accuracy of three viral risk models in predicting the outcome of implementing HIV and HCV NAT donor screening en Australia and the implications for future HBV NAT. Transfusion 2002;42:1365-72.

13. Ling AE, Robbins KE, Brown TM, et al. Failure of routine HIV-1 tests in a case involving transmission with preseroconversion blood components during the infecctious window period. JAMA 2000;284:210-4.

14. Busch MP, Stramer SL, Kleinman SH. 1997. Evolving applications of nucleic acid amplification assays for prevention of virus transmission by blood components and derivatives. In: Garrity G (ed): Applications of Molecular Biology to Blood Transfusion Medicine. AABB. Bethesda, MD. 123-176.

15. Schreiber GB, et al. 1996. For the Retrovirus Epidemiology Study.

16. Kolk D, Martínez A, Ahern S, Binder A, Knight J, Tidd J, Sun G, Coffman B, Eaton B, McElroy A, Park M, Linnen J, Dockter J, McDonough S, Mimms LT, Giachetti C, Macioszek J. Simultaneous NAT screening of HIV-1, HCV and HBV in blood donations on a fully automated, high throughput system. Abstract Transfusion 2002;42,9S:82S-83S.

17. Aprili G, Gandini G, Piccoli P, et al. Detection of an early HIV-1 infection by HIV RNA testing in an Italian blood donor during the preseroconversion window period. Transfusion 2003;43:848-52.

18. Linnen JM, Broulik A, Umali A, Kolk D, Dockter J, McDonough S, Mimms L, Giachetti C. Analytical Sensitivity of the PROCLEIX™ ULTRIO™ ASSAY (A TMA-based triplex assay) for simultaneous screening of HIV-1, HCV and HBV in blood donations and effect of assay sensitivity on closing the HBV detection window. Abstract Transfusión 2002;42:9S:8S.