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2024, Número 1

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Investigación en Discapacidad 2024; 10 (1)


Modelos animales de dolor para el estudio de la fibromialgia

Cortes-Altamirano JL, Reyes-Long S, Morraz-Varela A, Bonilla-Jaime H, Aguilera-Quevedo E, Herrera-López E, Alfaro-Rodríguez A

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 76-87
Archivo PDF: 265.54 Kb.


RESUMEN

La fibromialgia (FM) es un tipo de dolor musculoesquelético crónico y difuso de origen no articular. Se caracteriza por la combinación de varios síntomas, principalmente por la presencia subjetiva de dolor generalizado, fatiga, rigidez matinal y alteración del sueño. La etiología de la enfermedad es multifactorial y en la actualidad continúa siendo objeto de estudio por parte de numerosos grupos de investigación. Por otro lado, debido a la complejidad de la enfermedad se ha planteado la implementación de modelos animales, sin embargo, elegir el modelo animal adecuado que cumpla con las características de los síntomas de la enfermedad ha generado discrepancias entre los investigadores. Por ello, el objetivo de esta revisión es analizar los modelos animales de dolor para el estudio de la fibromialgia. Se desarrollaron estrategias de búsqueda para cada base de datos consultada: PubMed, Web of Science y Embase. La estrategia de búsqueda se realizó con las palabras clave "fibromialgia, dolor, modelos animales de dolor, dolor generalizado, dolor crónico, dolor neuropático". Los modelos que se basan principalmente en el dolor, ya sea crónico o neuropático, son los que poseen más similitudes con la patología, sin embargo, no es posible evaluar el componente emocional de la misma, la cual es parte importante de los síntomas de la fibromialgia. La complejidad de la sintomatología de la enfermedad genera limitaciones en modelos animales de dolor. El desarrollo de diseños experimentales con modelos animales de dolor para el estudio de la fibromialgia debe considerar las limitaciones analizadas en esta revisión.


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