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2021, Número 2

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Rev Nefrol Dial Traspl 2021; 41 (2)


Resultados y reproducibilidad a corto plazo de la prueba de lanzadera incremental (Incremental Shuttle Walking Test) en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis

Mautner C, Schneider N, Contreras R, Báez C, Rodríguez-Núñez I

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 89-99
Archivo PDF: 426.21 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: La prueba de lanzadera incremental ha sido empleada para determinar la capacidad física en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Sin embargo, su aplicabilidad y reproducibilidad ha sido poco estudiada en pacientes bajo tratamiento de hemodiálisis. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento y reproducibilidad de la prueba de lanzadera incremental en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en diálisis y sujetos sin enfermedad renal crónica. Cada individuo realizó dos pruebas de lanzadera incremental con un intervalo de 30 minutos. Se registró la distancia recorrida, velocidad máxima, frecuencia cardiaca y el esfuerzo percibido. La reproducibilidad se analizó mediante el cálculo del coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el error estándar de la media. Mediante el método de Bland-Altman, se calculó la discordancia de la distancia recorrida y la frecuencia cardiaca pico. Además, se calculó el cambio mínimo detectable para todos los parámetros de la prueba de lanzadera incremental. Un valor de p=‹0,05 se consideró significativo. Resultados: 68 sujetos entraron al estudio (34 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica y 34 sujetos en el grupo control). Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica caminaron una menor distancia recorrida respecto al grupo control (-40%; p=‹0,0001). En ambos grupos, se encontró una excelente confiabilidad test/retest en todas las medidas de resultado (cálculo del coeficiente de correlación intraclase ›0,80). Los registros del error estándar de medición y cambio mínimo detectable para la distancia recorrida fueron de 26,0 m y 72,1 m, respectivamente. El método de Bland- Altman para la distancia recorrida mostró una diferencia media de -0,9 m con límites de concordancia entre 65,5 y -63,7 m. Conclusión: Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis presentan un menor rendimiento durante la prueba de lanzadera incremental comparado con individuos sin enfermedad renal crónica. Las medidas de resultado de la prueba de lanzadera incremental presentan una alta reproducibilidad test/retest a corto plazo en este grupo de pacientes.


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