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Medicina & Laboratorio

2023, Número 4

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2023; 27 (4)


Amiloidosis sistémica con énfasis en amiloidosis de cadenas livianas de inmunoglobulinas

Gálvez-Cárdenas KM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 61
Paginas: 395-409
Archivo PDF: 385.63 Kb.


RESUMEN

La amiloidosis sistémica es una enfermedad poco común en la cual una proteína mal plegada se vuelve resistente a los procesos catabólicos del organismo, llevando a la formación de fibrillas que se depositan extracelularmente dentro de los tejidos, provocando disfunción de los órganos y muerte. La amiloidosis es un trastorno multisistémico que puede afectar el corazón, los riñones, los nervios, el hígado, los pulmones y el tracto gastrointestinal. Da como resultado una alta carga de síntomas, deterioro de la calidad de vida y una supervivencia más corta. Los tres tipos más importantes que explican el 90 % de los casos son: amiloidosis de cadenas livianas de inmunoglobulinas (AL), amiloidosis secundaria reactiva (AA) y amiloidosis por transtirretina (ATTR). Este artículo está enfocado en la amiloidosis AL, haciendo énfasis en cuándo se debe sospechar esta patología, en los hallazgos clínicos más frecuentes, cómo se confirma el diagnóstico y en las diferentes opciones de tratamiento que existen.


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