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2021, Número 06

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MediSan 2021; 25 (06)


Variantes genéticas del SARS-CoV-2 y sus implicaciones clínicas

Expósito LA, Feria DGE, González BSN, Miguel SPE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 1424-1446
Archivo PDF: 1631.83 Kb.


RESUMEN

El SARS-CoV-2, agente causal de la actual pandemia de la COVID-19, va sufriendo mutaciones como consecuencia de su ciclo evolutivo, lo que ha originado diferentes variantes genéticas, que han sido agrupadas en dos categorías: preocupante (alfa o británica, beta o sudafricana, gamma o brasileña y delta o india) y de interés (lamdba, mu, épsilon, eta, iota, kappa, zeta, theta); estas conllevan implicaciones clínicas en la transmisibilidad, virulencia y resistencia del SARS-CoV-2 a la inmunidad natural y adquirida, lo que representa un serio desafío para los servicios de salud en todo el mundo. En este artículo se describen dichas variantes genéticas, con énfasis en su probable impacto clínico, y además se plantea la posibilidad de que aparezcan otras, como fenómeno natural en la evolución de los virus.


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