2006, Número 6
Biología molecular de los vectores adenovirales
Martínez F, Jiménez OFA, Villegas CH
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 483-493
Archivo PDF: 212.35 Kb.
RESUMEN
La terapia con genes postula el uso terapéutico del DNA como una nueva alternativa de la biomedicina para el tratamiento de las enfermedades humanas. Todas las proteínas están codificadas en el DNA, y muchas enfermedades resultan de: a) la ausencia o expresión aberrante de uno o más genes; b) la ausencia de formas funcionales; c) alteraciones en su proceso de regulación, transporte o degradación. Por lo tanto, tales enfermedades pueden ser potencialmente tratadas, restableciendo la expresión de la proteína involucrada en las células afectadas. Sin embargo, para lograr una transferencia exitosa del material genético al sitio blanco y evitar la destrucción del DNA o del vehículo seleccionado antes de llegar al sitio de interés, se han desarrollado varios sistemas virales. Entre los virus más conocidos están: el virus del herpes simple, adenovirus tipo 5, virus adenoasociado y algunos retrovirus complejos (lentivirus). En este artículo se exponen las características biológicas, la manipulación genética y propiedades de los adenovirus, así como su empleo en la medicina actual como vectores para transferir genes y su potencial implicación en la terapia génica
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