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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2023, Número 1

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salud publica mex 2023; 65 (1)


Estado actual de la resistencia a insecticidas mediada por enzimas en poblaciones de Aedes aegypti de una ciudad endémica de dengue en el sur de Méx

Solís-Santoyo F, Rodríguez AD, Black W, Saavedra-Rodríguez K, Sánchez-Guillén D, Castillo-Vera A, González-Gómez R, López-Solis AD, Penilla-Navarro RP

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 19-27
Archivo PDF: 387.53 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Identificar la resistencia a insecticidas mediada por enzimas en Aedes aegypti de Tapachula, México. Material y métodos. Se realizaron ensayos bioquímicos para calcular los niveles enzimáticos en mosquitos de 22 sitios colectados en Tapachula en 2018 y 2020. Resultados de 2018 se correlacionaron con la resistencia a insecticidas publicada. Resultados. Se obtuvieron niveles más altos que los de la cepa susceptible en 2018 y 2020, respectivamente, de: α-esterasas en 15 y 12 sitios; β-esterasas en 7 y 6 sitios; glutatión-S-transferasas en 11 y 19 sitios; ρNPA-esterases en 21 y 17 sitios; y citocromos P450 en 20 y 22 sitios. Los índices publicados de resistencia al malatión y la acetilcolinesterasa insensible tuvieron una correlación moderada (r=0.459, p= 0.03) en mosquitos de 2018. Conclusiones. Los altos niveles enzimáticos encontrados indican su contribución en la resistencia a piretroides y organofosforados en mosquitos de Tapachula de 2018. Bioensayos con inhibidores enzimáticos dieron mayores mortalidades, confirmando que el metabolismo contribuye en la resistencia.


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