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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2022, Número 6

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Med Int Mex 2022; 38 (6)


Oxigenoterapia no invasiva en pacientes con COVID-19: wu ji bi fan: mucho de algo no es bueno

Sánchez-Díaz JS, Peniche-Moguel KG, Betancourt-Vera JE, Carballo-Molina L, Vargas-García IJ, García-García VM, Martínez-Aguilar FR, Calyeca-Sánchez MV

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 1244-1253
Archivo PDF: 244.12 Kb.


RESUMEN

En la práctica clínica, el oxígeno puede salvar vidas, aunque wu ji bi fan: mucho de algo no es bueno y también puede causar toxicidad. El 14% de los pacientes con enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) tendrá necesidad de oxigenoterapia no invasiva y aproximadamente el 5% requerirá ventilación mecánica invasiva. La oxigenoterapia no invasiva es el tratamiento de primera línea para pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda hipoxémica secundaria a COVID-19. Los dispositivos a través de los cuales se administra esta terapéutica se clasifican en bajo flujo y alto flujo. En presencia de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda hipoxémica, el flujo necesario puede ser de 30 a 120 L/min, cifra que no puede alcanzarse con sistemas convencionales (bajo flujo), entonces, los dispositivos de alto flujo pueden ser efectivos en pacientes bien seleccionados, teniendo como objetivo mejorar la oxigenación, evitar la intubación orotraqueal del paciente, pero sin retrasarla. La oxigenoterapia no invasiva no incrementa el riesgo de infección por aerosoles.


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