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Medicina & Laboratorio

2022, Número 1

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2022; 26 (1)


Infección por SARS-CoV-2 y miocarditis

Forero-Saldarriaga S, Puerta-Rojas JD, Estupiñán-Paredes RN, Coy-Pedraza LC, Moreno-Ruiz NL, Castellanos-Parada J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas: 35-46
Archivo PDF: 116.16 Kb.


RESUMEN

COVID-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa respiratoria aguda, causada por el SARS-CoV-2, un nuevo coronavirus, que se extendió rápidamente por todo el mundo, dando como resultado una pandemia. Los pacientes presentan un amplio espectro de manifestaciones clínicas, entre ellas, la miocarditis, y de manera alterna, algunos pacientes sin síntomas de enfermedad cardíaca, tienen anomalías en las pruebas, como elevación de la troponina y arritmias cardíacas en el electrocardiograma, o anomalías en las imágenes cardíacas. La patogenia del compromiso miocárdico no es clara, pero las dos principales teorías prevén un papel directo de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2, que funciona como el receptor viral, y una respuesta hiperinmune, que también puede conducir a una presentación aislada. El estándar de oro del diagnóstico es la biopsia endomiocárdica, la cual no está disponible en la mayoría de los escenarios. En esta revisión, se pretende brindar al lector pautas para identificar las manifestaciones clínicas, ayudas diagnósticas y manejo de los pacientes con sospecha de miocarditis por COVID-19.


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