Ruvalcaba-Paredes EK, Brena-Molina A, Tamay DL, González-Torres M

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 67-74
Archivo PDF: 215.12 Kb.

RESUMEN

El principal objetivo de la medicina regenerativa es reparar y reemplazar los tejidos dañados o perdidos, iniciando el proceso de regeneración natural y usando tecnologías como la ingeniería de tejidos, la cual requiere de un andamio, una fuente de células y factores de crecimiento, solos o combinados, para iniciar el proceso de regeneración de tejidos. Se han realizado diversas investigaciones para desarrollar andamios seguros y eficaces para el uso clínico, algunos de los biomateriales utilizados para la reconstrucción ósea son cerámicas, matriz ósea desmineralizada, metales y biopolímeros naturales o sintéticos. Las células son una parte integral en la estrategia de la ingeniería de tejidos, el aislamiento, la eficiencia de expansión, la estabilidad del fenotipo osteoblástico, la capacidad de formación ósea in vivo, así como la seguridad a largo plazo, son requisitos esenciales que deben ser cumplidos por cualquier tipo celular osteogénico, para el éxito de la aplicación clínica en los conceptos de ingeniería de tejidos. Los factores de crecimiento juegan un papel importante en la ingeniería de tejidos debido a que funcionan como moléculas de señalización. Ellos promueven o previenen la adhesión celular, proliferación, migración y diferenciación. En este artículo se mencionarán los elementos que utiliza la estrategia de ingeniería de tejidos para reparar y regenerar las lesiones óseas, así como sus aplicaciones en la clínica.

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