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2021, Número 1

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Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter 2021; 37 (1)


El citomegalovirus en los receptores de trasplante hematopoyético

Jaime FJC, Roque GW, Castellanos HL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 1-25
Archivo PDF: 391.20 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La infección por citomegalovirus es muy frecuente en pacientes sometidos a trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos, debido a tratamientos mieloablativos de acondicionamiento, disparidad genética y al tratamiento inmunosupresor, y ocurre fundamentalmente después de la toma del implante.
Objetivos: Actualizar el diagnóstico, manejo y seguimiento de la infección por citomegalovirus en pacientes trasplantados.
Métodos: Se realizó revisión bibliográfica en los idiomas español e inglés, utilizando los motores de búsqueda de Pubmed, Google Académico y Scielo sobre el diagnóstico y manejo del citomegalovirus en pacientes receptores de trasplante hematopoyético.
Análisis y síntesis de la información: Se recolectó y organizó la información obtenida siguiendo cronológicamente el surgimiento de técnicas para diagnóstico y la aparición de nuevos medicamentos en los últimos años. Se seleccionaron artículos recientes de expertos en el tema en revistas prestigiosas, donde se evidencia la importancia del diagnóstico adelantado y el inicio del tratamiento.
Conclusiones: En la actualidad se cuenta con nuevas formas de diagnóstico y medicamentos novedosos para el citomegalovirus, pero la mortalidad puede llegar a ser alta, si el paciente no es tratado antes de que aparezcan los síntomas de la enfermedad e incluso a pesar del tratamiento. En ocasiones, no es posible erradicar el virus, lo que lleva a complicaciones importantes y a la muerte. La enfermedad citomegálica continúa siendo una complicación frecuente en estos pacientes a pesar de las medidas para evitar su reactivación.


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