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2022, Número 1

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Rev Fac Med UNAM 2022; 65 (1)


Trastorno del espectro autista (TEA)

Celis AG, Ochoa MMG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 7-20
Archivo PDF: 350.56 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es una afección del desarrollo neurológico con implicación multidimensional, caracterizada por una interacción social disminuida con deficiencias en la comunicación a través del lenguaje verbal y no verbal e inflexibilidad en el comportamiento al presentar conductas repetitivas e intereses restringidos. Su etiopatogenia y factores de riesgo relacionados cada vez están mejor estudiados. Esta es una entidad clínica frecuente, con una tendencia mundial aproximada de 1 de cada 160 niños con cierto grado de autismo. Sin embargo, es poco diagnosticada, llegándose a identificar hasta la aparición de su comorbilidad con otros trastornos psiquiátricos como ansiedad o depresión. Actualmente, no se cuenta con un tratamiento específico para los síntomas nucleares del autismo, no obstante, existen diferentes opciones terapéuticas y farmacológicas que permiten mejorar la calidad de vida de sus portadores.


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