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2020, Número 3

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Revista Cubana de Obstetricia y Ginecología 2020; 46 (3)


El estudio citogenético en el manejo de las parejas con aborto habitual en Cuba

Soriano TM, Castelví LA, Barrios MA, García GD, Méndez RLA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 65
Paginas: 1-20
Archivo PDF: 555.23 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La pérdida recurrente de embarazos en una pareja constituye una situación de estrés que suele afectar al 1 % de estas. La mitad de los casos permanece sin un diagnóstico preciso a su patología. En Cuba no se cuenta con un registro riguroso de este fenómeno, pero el número de parejas estudiadas cada año por esta razón, en el laboratorio de Citogenética, resulta elevado.
Objetivos: Ofrecer una revisión actualizada para el análisis por técnicas de citogenética a parejas que presentan pérdidas recurrentes de embarazo.
Métodos: Se efectuó una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos: Ebsco host, ClinicalKey, Pubmed, Dynamed Plus y SciELO que reveló el interés por el manejo de los abortos recurrentes y el papel de los estudios cromosómicos en el proceso.
Análisis de información: A pesar de las diferencias existentes, para considerar una pareja con pérdidas recurrentes ha sido determinado que bastan dos pérdidas ocurridas antes de las 20 semanas de gestación para comenzar un análisis en el cual se incluye la realización de un cariotipo. Los investigadores sugieren realizar un estudio al producto de la concepción para considerar la importancia de estudiar a los padres.
Conclusiones: Identificar una causa cromosómica para el aborto puede ser psicológicamente importante para superar el dolor de la pérdida, así como para tomar la decisión de intentarlo nuevamente. El análisis citogenético a los abortos previos es un componente importante en el asesoramiento de parejas con un registro de abortos recurrentes.


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