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2020, Número 4

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2020; 26 (4)


Entrenamiento Aeróbico y de Fuerza Combinado comparado con Aeróbico solamente en la Rehabilitación de Pacientes con Insuficiencia Cardíaca

Bizzozero PB, Díaz GV

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 75
Paginas: 1-14
Archivo PDF: 267.03 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: comparar la influencia del entrenamiento aeróbico y de fuerza combinados (EAFC) con el entrenamiento aeróbico sobre variables relevantes de la rehabilitación cardíaca (RC) en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC). Método: Realizamos una revisión de revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis en PubMed y Web of Science hasta marzo de 2020. Se utilizó la herramienta ‘Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2’ (AMSTAR-2) para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios. Resultados: se identificaron un total de 600 artículos, de los cuales 5 se seleccionaron para esta revisión. En los estudios incluidos se identificaron un total de 16 intervenciones diferentes con 409 pacientes (rango edad media = 51-70 años) con IC y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo reducida. Un estudio presentó nivel de confianza alto y 4 estudios presentaron nivel de confianza moderado (AMSTAR-2). El EAFC presentó mejoras significativas sobre la calidad de vida y la fuerza muscular en comparación al entrenamiento aeróbico. No se encontraron diferencias significativas al comparar los efectos de los entrenamientos sobre la capacidad aeróbica, fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo y pendiente de ventilación minuto/producción dióxido de carbono. Conclusiones: El EAFC es una intervención de ejercicio adecuada en la RC de pacientes con IC, potenciando las mejoras sobre calidad de vida y fuerza muscular en comparación al entrenamiento aeróbico. Son necesarios estudios que analicen los efectos del EAFC según característica del entrenamiento, edad, severidad de la IC y tratamiento farmacológico.


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