González-Calixto C, Ruiz-Tachiquín ME, Burgueño-Ferreira J, Aguilera P, Espinoza-Rojo M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 32
Paginas: 129-136
Archivo PDF: 56.48 Kb.

RESUMEN

La detección temprana de citomegalovirus humano puede evitar graves consecuencias en la salud de pacientes inmunocomprometidos; por ello, es importante el empleo de métodos de detección sensibles y precisos. En el presente trabajo comparamos la sensibilidad y la especificidad de detección de tres métodos: 1) COBAS AMPLICOR CMV MONITOR™ Test (CACM), método comercial validado y semiautomatizado que utiliza la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) para detectar la expresión del gen temprano Pol; 2) PCR en tiempo real y 3) transcripción reversa acoplada a la PCR (RT-PCR) en tiempo real, estos últimos de manufactura casera, en los que se validó la detección del gen precoz Ie1. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 42 muestras de plasma humano VIH-1 positivas. Los ácidos nucleicos se extrajeron mediante dos métodos: 1) un agente caotrópico y 2) una columna de afinidad. Se obtuvo un 9.5, 26.2 y 33.3% de muestras positivas por CACM, PCR y RT-PCR, respectivamente. Empleando las técnicas caseras se detectó un mínimo de 26 copias/mL. Se utilizó la prueba de kappa para determinar la concordancia entre métodos, obteniendo valores de 0.34 (PCR vs CACM), 0.0079 (RT-PCR vs CACM) y 0.65 (RT-PCR vs PCR). La mayor sensibilidad y especificidad la obtuvo la PCR en tiempo real, así como los mayores valores predictivos positivo y negativo. Concluimos que la detección cualitativa del gen precoz Ie1 (sinónimo de infección activa) de CMVH en muestras de plasma humano VIH-1 positivas por PCR en tiempo real, podría utilizarse como método alternativo a CACM.

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